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Air Policing : ウィキペディア英語版
Air Policing

The task of Air Policing is one of the main peace-time/non-wartime activities of today's Air Forces.
== Reasons ==
With the September 11 attacks it became obvious that even during peacetime, threats from the air must be reckoned with.
Also, in peacetime, there are provocations by military aircraft. Because of this it is the task of Air Policing to enforce its sovereignty, requiring compliance in enforcing flight traffic laws and providing help to aircraft in trouble.
These tasks cannot be solved by radar-based air traffic control alone. It also needs suitable aircraft.
Mostly jet fighters (for e.g. MiG-29s) are used due to their large range of services at all altitudes and speeds, its comprehensive sensors (radar, IR, Data Link) and versatile armament. For slow and low-flying aircraft (gliders, balloons, helicopters) normally turboprop aircraft (for EC Pilatus PC-7) and helicopters (e.g. Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma) are used.
Contrary to popular perception, air policing is one of the most complex and challenging tasks of the Air Force. Unknown aircraft must be identified within a short time and in all weather conditions with no margin of error and intercepted if necessary. Air policing is performed daily and is always a real commitment and not sidelined to things happening in parallel (such as air combat exercises). Air policing ensures the control and sovereignty of the national airspace and security in air transport. Thus, the Air Force not only carries out the tasks of an independent state but also acts for the benefit of civil aviation.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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